Yes , yours was the image.  Thank you for posting it.  I enjoyed seeing it
and trying to create something similar.

This was my first atempt at creating a macro so I'm sure there are many
things that can be improved.  Please give me your suggestions so that I can
learn.  :-)

In the mean time I will try what you suggest regarding the slightly bigger
cone for intersecting with the tori, so that they overlap the cut out
spheres a bit.

"Tor Olav Kristensen" <tor_olav_kCURLYAhotmail.com> wrote in message
news:Xns### [at] 204213191226...
> "Sun Tzu" <sun### [at] nospamhotmailcom> wrote in
> news:3ec983aa@news.povray.org:
>
> > I was inspired by an image posted here (I wish I could remember the
> > author's name), and decided to make my first macro to generate a
> > similar shape.  I couldn't figure out how to do this shape with just
> > Tori and Sphere CSG, and had to use a Cone as well.  Unfortunately the
> > 'seams' are visible where the spheres are cut out and join with the
> > tori.  Is this an inherent problem with POV accuracy and rounding
> > errors, or is there a flaw in my math?  More importantly, is there a
> > way to fix it?  I will attach my source as well as the picture.
> >
> > Also the opening on the far side of the sphere doesn't seem to show up
> > in this view, but I've checked with a top down view and it is
> > definitely there.  Maybe it's just the angle.
> ...
>
> I think the author of the image you refer to is me:
> http://news.povray.org/povray.binaries.images/31443/
> (Your approcah to make such a shape is somewhat different from mine.)
>
>
> You can get rid of the "seems" if you add these lines to you macro:
>
> #local rnil = r1*1e-6;
> #local cutconebigger =
>   cone {<0,0,0>,0, <0,r1+1,0>,(r1+1)*tan(asin((hole+r2)/(r1-r2))) + rnil}
>
> - and replace "cutcone" with "cutconebigger" in the 4 intersection
> statements that are similar to this:
>
> intersection {
>   difference {
>     object{ torus_os ... }
>     object{ torus_is ... }
>   }
>   object { cutcone ... }
> }
>
>
> When merging objects, the objects should "overlap" each other slightly.
>
>
> Btw.: Your macro can be improved. (I can post my suggestion if you like.)
>
>
> Tor Olav

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